Collision Model: Explanation and Application
The Collision Model is the theory that chemical reactions are the result of collisions between molecules. These molecular collisions must be strong enough to break bonds in the reacting substances. Breaking the bonds result in a rearrangement of the original configuration of atoms and a new product or products is formed ("Collision Model," Answer Corporation, 2006). Not every collision between molecules will create new products. In fact, the vast majority of collisions do not because they are not strong enough to break the existing bonds, which are often quite strong between molecules. For the collision to be successful, the molecules have to be oriented in such a way that the activation energy is sufficient to generate a reaction in the substance in question. Temperature, the presence of catalysts, the concentration of the substance, and other factors affect activation energy. Also, the molecules within molecular bonds are also held together with different degrees of strength which affect the potential and kinetic energy released from collisions. "In order to break these bonds, the colliding molecules have to have a large amount of kinetic energy from the collision. If they do not have enough energy, the reaction will not occur" ("Reaction rate: Collision Model," Chemistry, 2008).
The Arrhenius Equation is an equation that measures the activation energy of a particular reaction and quantifies the collision model in a way that can be useful for scientists conducting experiments. It "represents the dependence of the rate constant k of a reaction on the absolute temperature T: k = A exp (-Ea/RT). In its original form the pre-exponential factor A and the activation energy Ea are considered to be temperature-independent" ("The Arrhenius Equation," IUPAC, 1997). Strictly speaking, the Arrhenius Equation...
Health belief model During the 1950's, the Health Belief model (HBM) was developed from the field of social psychology. The theoretical framework offers an explanation of why individuals are motivated to participate in preventive health behaviors. The model has five perception constructs of susceptibility, severity, benefits, barriers, and cues to action. In this setting the HBM predicts what prevention behaviors diabetic patients will engage in to avoid foot pathology and
G. with the same group being tested on a pre- and post-test). Variations between t-tests are the following: a. T-test on independent samples that have unequal variance. The problem here is determining sampling error in order to accurately determine whether two samples are or are not really different. This test is also used when the number of cases in each sample is different or when the number of cases in one or
Scientific Models and Religious Myths Differences between scientific models and religious myths There are several approaches toward s the creation issue, some of them are scientific and others are religious. All the approaches are postulates towards the search for the cradle of man. They may therefore be divided into scientific models and religious myths. Although people view these theories and models from different perspectives, they too have their similarities. Therefore this paper
Epidemiology of Elderly Driving Safety Annotated Bibliography Ball, K., Edwards, JD, Ross, LA, and McGwin, G. (2010) Cognitive Training Decreases Motor Vehicle Collision Involvement of Older Drivers. The American Geriatrics Society. Journal Compilation. 58:2107-2113. The work of Ball, Edwards, Ross and McGwin (2010) reports a randomized, controlled, multisite, single-blind clinical trial in a community of seniors in four cities in the United States including Birmingham, Alabama; Baltimore, Maryland, Indianapolis, Indiana, and State College,
The main hazards related to LNG include: Rupture due to Corrosion Rupture while excavation Rupture while excavation Rupture during an earthquake Rupture due to mechanical failure Rupture at compressor Rupture at inspection stations Uncontrolled detonation of explosives Blow-out of gas at head and subsequent fire Gas leak from infrastructure Fire involving combustible Construction damage LPG or Diesel Diesel pump fire involving equipment brittle fracture valve Leaks Welding failure welding casting failure Mechanical overstressing of equipment Vibration pump Corrosion joint Erosion Failure due to external loading or impact Internal Explosion Underground pipe
LAN and WAN Analysis Current Release OS X Mountain Lion Linux kernel 3.4; GNU C. Library Windows Server 2008 R2 (NT 6.1.7600) S-Net SP IBM AIX Variant (UNIX System V Release Range of compatible hardware Low Performance High for fine-tuned applications to the processor and O.S. API calls (1) Very High for natively-written applications Medium for applications using emulation mode; very high for 64-bit applications Slow for applications emulating MS-Windows; fast for direct API-call based applications Very high for applications written directly to the UNIX
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