Cognitive and Emotional Intelligence:
Cognitive intelligence and emotional intelligence are concepts that have been widely used and examined in relation to their impact on the workplace performance of employees. Actually, these two concepts are largely considered to be significant individual differences in the organizational behavior field. Some theories have argued that cognitive intelligence is the most basic probable indicator for individual workplace performance since the recruitment of individuals based on intelligence is one of the major contributors to enhanced performance that lead to high economic value to the organization. On the other hand, other theorists claim that emotional intelligence is the foundation for various competencies that assist a person to become more effective in the organization's working environment. However, cognitive intelligence and emotional intelligence are closely related and equally important in the field of organizational behavior. Since none of these concepts can stand alone in the workplace, they can be both applied in modern organizations.
Cognitive Intelligence:
Cognitive intelligence is a term that had traditionally been used by psychologists that incorporates the ability to understand complex ideas, to learn from experience, to adapt efficiently to the environment, to engage several forms of reasoning, and to overcome challenges through careful thought (Greenberg & Baron, 2008, p.154). Generally, individuals possess cognitive intelligence in varying degrees as various jobs or tasks require different levels of cognitive intelligence for success. Notably, the concept or theory of cognitive intelligence is seemingly wide since it comprises of a broad range of distinct cognitive skills and abilities.
Some of the different cognitive abilities in cognitive intelligence include verbal comprehension and reasoning, numerical ability and reasoning, word fluency, symbolic reasoning, and space visualization. Therefore, different jobs and tasks need different blends of these cognitive abilities, which results in people's selections of different career choices. For instance, writers need to have cognitive abilities of word fluency while statisticians have to be adept at numerical reasoning and numerical ability and architects need spatial visualization abilities. There is a general consensus and assumption that people with huge amounts of cognitive intelligence tend to have enhanced job performance than those who don't.
Dunn (n.d.), describes cognitive intelligence as intellectual abilities like logic, writing, reason, prioritizing, reading, and analyzing. The cognitive intellectual abilities go through an individual's head or mind and use only the neocortez instead of the emotional centers of the brain. Notably, the cognitive intelligence abilities do not necessarily involve any individual skills since there are various functions that can be performed by individuals like solving a math equation individually. Through cognitive intelligence, a person has great control over his/her own emotions so as to resolve various problems that many people will have to address in controlled and rational ways.
Emotional Intelligence:
Emotional intelligence can be defined as the ability to understand an individual's own emotions and those of others and having the ability to use the information to develop the best outcome for all the parties. This basically implies that it's the ability to know the genesis of emotions and being able to manage a person's won emotions and those of others. In this case, the individual can identify the information being given by emotions and being able to work effectively at the individual level and with others.
Based on general consensus, emotional intelligence deals with the social, emotional, and survivor dimensions of intelligence and can be considered as the usual more important aspects for daily functioning as compared to the intellectual or cognitive aspects of intelligence (Stein, 2008, p. 61). This is primarily because emotional intelligence is concerned with understanding oneself and others, adapting to the immediate surroundings or environment, and relating to others effectively. Consequently, the concept of emotional intelligence basically focuses and emphasizes on the significance of self-awareness and understanding through addressing the relative imbalance between intellect and emotion in the individual's mind.
The theory of emotional intelligence is also linked to various cutting-edge aspects of psychological science such as the self-regulation concept, the neuroscience of emotion, the pursuit for human cognitive abilities beyond the conventional academic intelligence and metacognition studies. Emotional Intelligence Theory is based on four major concepts i.e. awareness of emotions in self, awareness of emotions in other people, management of own emotions, and management of other people's emotions. The use of these components basically involves the incorporation of information from the emotions into a person's thinking process and subsequent actions (Zeidner, Matthews & Roberts, 2004, p. 373).
Based on this description, it seems like the concept of emotional intelligence exclude cognitive skills and abilities that may contribute to emotion awareness and management. However, cognitive abilities and skills are closely linked to emotional intelligence, especially abilities like...
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