In the Classical Era, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Joseph Haydn, Ludwig van Beethoven, and Franz Schubert, are among the famous variations artists. Following are the types of variations in the Classical Era.
Penultimate Variation
This variation works on a slow tempo with multi-movements.
Final Variation
In contrast to the penultimate variation, the final variation is fast in style.
Double Variation
This variation uses two themes and is played in varied alteration (Wikipedia).
The Romantic Era, however, was where few variations were developed. Johannes Brahms was the famous variation artist of this era. Few of his works are Theme of Haydn, Franck's Symphonic Variations for piano solo and orchestra, and Elgar's Enigma Variations (ThinkQuest).
The 20th century also boasts of the development of variations by the period's composers. Wikipedia online lists the following works of variations in this period.
The Variations for Orchestra (Arnold Schoenberg)
The Variations, Opus 27 for Piano and Variations, Opus 30 for Orchestra (Anton Webern)
Variations and Fugue on a Theme by Purcell (Paul Hindemith, Benjamin Britten)
Rhapsody on a Theme of Paganini (Sergei Rachmaninoff)
Tema con Variazioni (Igor Stravinsky)
Conclusion
There...
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