A stronger Navy allowed the North to enforce the blockade more effectively than the Confederacy could overcome it. The second significant part of the Anaconda Plan was similar in scope and strategic significance: to take control of the Mississippi. When the Union Army eventually did gain control of the mighty Mississippi, the South was effectively split in two. The Anaconda Plan was fulfilled. Not only did the Union have the means by which to enforce their strategies: the Confederacy also lacked as clear a military plan.
While the blockade was nearly automatic and put into place toward the beginning of the war, control over the Mississippi was harder-fought. It meant encroachment deep into Southern territory, where most of the war was fought. Not until 1863 and the Union victory at the Battle of Vicksburg did the Union manage to infiltrate the River and successfully set up its second major and decisive blockade of the South.
Unlike the North, the South did not have an advanced transportation infrastructure that would have enabled it to overcome the blockades. Cut off from supplies, the South would have benefited more from a shorter, more intense war. Most battles were fought on Southern soil, which provided both advantages and disadvantages for the Confederacy. While intimate geographical knowledge aided the Confederate generals in key military victories, the population decimation and the lack of transportation infrastructure depleted Southern resources by the end of the war. The South also lacked the naval power necessary to properly defend its coastline against the much more powerful Northern Navy.
Still, the South proved remarkably resilient. Outnumbered significantly, and outdone in terms of military resources, the South secured enough success to cripple the north and cause the war to drag on. The Civil War could have been won by the South, based on its remarkable ability to stun the Union...
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