Citizen trust in Local government performance in Botswana_
Meaning and content of trust has kept changing because of the changing points of reference. Trust in government used to refer to the belief that the government will not become autocratic (Bouckaert & de Walle, 2003). It currently refers to down to earth matters such as reliability of service delivery or the expectation that policy will correspond to an individual's wishes (Hofstede, 1980). Factors that determine trust in a government are not universal (Light and Labiner, 2001). Political systems with impeccable public service do not have to rely on evaluation on public service to determine one's trust in government.
Trust is related to performance. Citizens tend to distrust governments that underperform. Antigovernment context and negative images of bureaucrats are indicators that a government may not be performing well. To reverse declining trust, government institutions have integrated new public management and new public service into their structures. There is an assumption that better performance leads to greater trust. Bouckaert et al. (2001) have addressed the link that exists between trust and performance. They use macro and micro-performance theory to explain this. Newton & Norris (2000) engaged in studies that link trust to changes in quality or perception of government service delivery. Citizens have different expectations of how big government should be and what kinds of services the government should provide. Huseby (2000) aver that the actual level of performance does not matter but the gap between expectations and performance. Miller and Borelli posit that public confidence in government is influenced by subjective measures or citizens perceptions. Government performance is produced collectively by a number of agencies and...
Citizen Perceptions of Local Government Performance in Botswana When many people in the West hear the word, "Africa," they think of the kind of impoverishment and corruption that has kept much of the continent from joining the international community in meaningful ways in recent years. Indeed, for the majority of countries in Africa, this dismal perception holds true. One shining example that has managed to overcome the constraints and obstacles to
Fraud in local government is a critical issue that undermines the integrity of public institutions, erodes public trust, and results in significant financial losses. It encompasses a range of illicit activities including bribery, corruption, embezzlement, and procurement fraud. Across the globe, local governments grapple with the task of curtailing these malpractices, which unfortunately can be deeply ingrained in the political and administrative frameworks of municipalities (Graycar & Sidebottom,
A micro considers the interests and rights of the individual company as the primary concern. Both of these views are valid depending on the lens that one wishes to use. The problem arises when the government is forced to develop policies regarding procurement in this volatile debate. The government must decide whether to take a micro view, favoring the rights of companies, or a macro view that places the
Chapter Two: Literature ReviewChapter IntroductionAs noted above, the problem of interest to this study concerns the relative effectiveness of public administration�s activities dedicated to the evaluation of the life quality and standards. Therefore, this chapter provides a review of the relevant literature concerning current public administration research, focusing on governance's role in evaluating and enhancing societal wellbeing globally. For this purpose, the chapter assesses recurring themes, limitations, influential works, and
Human resource is a function in companies that are designed to maximize the performance of employees in line with strategies that are stipulated by the employers. It is focused on how employees are managed within the companies focusing on systems and policies (Collings & Wood, 2009). The human resource units and departments are responsible for activities such as employee development, recruitment and training, rewarding and performance appraisal. This essay endeavors
He consistently mentions how important it is to throw off geographical boundaries and beliefs, and unite in a common goal of freedom and liberty. He also notes that the Constitution is meant to be amended, but it must be treated with respect, rather than used as an instrument of power or greed. He warns against "alterations which will impair the energy of the system," and urges the people to give
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