Chemical reactions occur when atoms, molecules, and ions interact with one other to form new substances. Chemical bonds are broken and new bonds are formed. Chemical bonds between atoms follow rules based on patterns of electron distribution within the involved atoms. When reactions take place, energy exchange occurs. When chemical bonds are broken, energy is released. When new bonds are formed, energy is stored. There are many types of chemical reactions. They can be loosely classified by the type of chemical change taking place. Several basic reaction types are encountered in cellular processes. Hydrolytic reactions use the addition of water molecules to break apart large molecules. Hydrolysis is used during digestion to break large molecules down into their smaller components. In a hydrolytic reaction, the hydroxyl group from the water...
If water is added, without splitting the molecule in two, the reaction is called a hydration reaction.Chemical Properties of the Universe Astronomers hypothesize that about 5 million years ago, the Solar System was filled with a plethora of hot gases and dust, swirling around a hot core. They think that once the core approached about 1 million degrees, the physics and chemical properties caused the gases to coalesce, forming the sun. During this time, there were millions and millions of asteroids. As these asteroids collided with one
molecules collide with enough activation energy that the chemical bonds break. Once these chemical bonds are broken, new bonds and products are then formed. Thus, the two previous molecules were moving at a fast enough speed to break the original chemical bonds to form new products. The two molecules must be moving fast enough and have enough activation energy to break the original chemical bonds. Also, the two original atoms
Cell Metabolism Define metabolism, anabolism, and catabolism in full details The cell is a complex organisms in which many chemical reaction take place so as to maintain normal cellular function. Cell metabolism can be defined as the process through which cells manufacture ATP which provides energy to the cells. Cells have evolved to form highly efficient metabolic mechanisms which differ depending on the cell. Aerobic respiration is responsible for cellular energy needs
Physical Science Elemental Isotopes and Allotropes The 19th century discovery of the periodic table of the elements by Dmitri Mendeleev gave an organizing principle to understanding the structure of the atom, and deriving atomic weight. On the periodic table, the lighter elements have atomic weights which correspond to whole numbers. Hydrogen has an atomic weight of 1, which corresponds to the idea that it has only one proton (and the weight of
There are about 6 billion nucleotide letters of a particular sequence in a human cell. The full set is known as the genome. DNA information is found in units called genes. One gene codes roughly for one protein. The proteins perform most of the functions of the body at the cellular level. Examples are digestion, the body's defense against disease, and transporting substances throughout the body. Thousands of proteins
o Describe difference a mixture a compound o Suppose a pure substance. How a compound element? o What difference ionic a covalent bond? o Explain ionic compounds formed a metal left side periodic table reacts a nonmetal side. An overview of mixtures, compounds, and the processes of identifying them Describe the difference between a mixture and a compound The standard definition of a mixture is a substance in which two or more
Our semester plans gives you unlimited, unrestricted access to our entire library of resources —writing tools, guides, example essays, tutorials, class notes, and more.
Get Started Now