Caryl Churchill's play Top Girls explores gender issues in Thatcher-Era British society. Churchill contrasts feminism that simply enforces patriarchy, embodied by Margaret Thatcher as Prime Minister, and a feminism that is more radical and transformative. Marlene exemplifies the type of woman who is achieving personal goals but only within a patriarchal framework that continues to exploit not only women but also people of color and secondary social class status. Her success does not represent the goals of feminism, which are to create a more egalitarian society for all people. Therefore, the text advocates second wave feminism, which is presented as a whole social revolution that is more inclusive of issues related to class and race as well as personal and political power. The opening scene of Top Girls shows different forms of feminism and female achievements of historical power. Weaving the stories of famous females throughout...

Marlene is contrasted sharply with women who achieved their power more subversively than she did.
However, Churchill also examines the conflicts and challenges inherent in female social transformation. One of the core issues of Top Girls is how to reconcile power with interpersonal relationship intimacy. For example, women like Nijo and Isabella enjoy a great degree of personal freedom but at the expense of forming powerful emotional ties. Churchill also introduces the remarkable character of Pope Joan, who poses as a man to gain and retain her status in the Church. Joan is therefore akin to Thatcher as well as Marlene: they imitate the patriarchal ways of men. Although Marlene and Joan are females in positions of power, that power comes at a great cost. In fact, they play shows that feminism…