CAREER COUNSELLING MODELS- A STUDY OF HOLLAND'S THEORY
Holland's approach to career development
The greatest contribution Holland made and his most popular work has to do with his theory (Holland, 1959, 1966b, 1973, 1985, 1997c) of work environments and vocational personalities. The idea that most people have close resemblance with a combination of six different personality types is the theory's core foundation. The personalities are Investigative, Realistic, Artistic, Social, Conventional, Enterprising (commonly known with the acronym RIASEC). Each of these personality types is characterized by a collection on interests, beliefs, preferred activities, abilities, characteristics, and values. A Holland system (usually the first three RIASEC types the person has more resemblance for) can be produced based on analyses, though Holland (1997c) made the recommendation of making use of the class ordering of the six different types to make a description of the individuals. In the same way, job environments can be grouped based on how they resemble a particular combination of the types of RIASEC, and the Holland systems are mostly utilized to illustrate them well (Nauta, 2010).
Person-in-environment
Four conventional social work practice theories uses different approaches to the individual and lays varied emphases on the individual, his environment, and the relationship between the two. These theories include concepts of ego psychology, psychoanalytic theory, radical theories, and constructivist theory that stand for a wide range of hypothetical traditions and that have difficulties with the integration of how a person is balanced in his environment point-of-view (Cornell, 2006).
Psychoanalytic theory: According to Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theory of individuality, the overall human behavior is the outcome of how the three parts that constitutes the mind interact, and lays much emphasis on the important role of involuntary psychological disagreements in shaping behavior and personality (Freudian Psychoanalytic Theory of Personality, n.d.).
Ego Psychology Theory: Subsequent to Freud's era, several famous psychoanalytic theorists elaborated on the ego functionalist version ascribed to Freud. Much effort were put into the theorization of various functions of the ego and how best to impair them in psychopathology. They focused on how to strengthen their ego to make it more suitable for coping with all the pressures from the super-ego, id, and society generally. The major task of the ego was conventionally believed to be reality-testing, judgment, affect tolerance,...
Career Counseling -- Systems Theory The Case of Alex: Applying Systems Theory The work and personal life challenges that Alex is facing can be explained through various lenses; however, in this particular case, systems theory as applied in the multicultural environment context will be most useful to develop possible interventions that will help Alex re-establish his career in a new social environment (North Carolina). Systems theory, as defined in Arthur and McMahon's (2005)
No matter how intelligent a person is and how successful he can be, there are many reasons for him to choose a career not really worthy of his talents. This can be due to the conception that some races do not succeed in a certain field. Similarly some women might want to become a space technician but not really take it up believing that women are not welcomed there
From the list of personal dimensions of development produced by the Association for Multicultural Counseling and Development (Arredondo et al., 1996), gender is the dimension most neglected or ignored, in spite of the fact that gender intersects with all other dimensions across cultures (see Hansen, Gama, & Harkins, 2002). Whether internal or external, one major weakness is the need to motivate more counselor educators to value career counseling and to
Sixth, I look at Alex's vocational personality. I do this by looking at her stories through with Holland's RIASEC hexagon. Using this tool I see that she most resembles the Enterprising type (Holland's Theory of Career Choice and You, 2009). She likes to be a leader, act with enthusiasm and enjoys being the center of attention. In Alex's case it appears that her choice of becoming an attorney and possibly getting
RT, in his mid-30s, has worked for the services sector in the past 7 years as a Business Development manager. He is currently out of work because the agency he used to work for 'folded up' when it was badly hit by the economic recession in 2008. He has tried setting up a small business right after his resignation, but he has not managed to improve his company's financial status
Career Counseling and Multicultural Students in School-to-Work Transition Good career counseling always takes place within a cultural context, which is true regardless of ethnicity. Current theoretical models may not be adequate to explain the career behavior of racial and ethnic minorities. Vocational assessment has to be culturally sensitive, and only culturally appropriate tools should be used in vocational assessment. The goal of career counseling is to help clients make career choices that
Our semester plans gives you unlimited, unrestricted access to our entire library of resources —writing tools, guides, example essays, tutorials, class notes, and more.
Get Started Now