2457).
Two features from this study that stand out when compared to the previous study (as read about earlier) was that this study sought to keep the participants weight relatively stable and that the participants were not obese and old, but were young and healthy. The goal of this study was measurably the same as the pervious study, but was set in entirely different circumstances. This is important to individuals seeking entry to the nursing field because it provides ammunition for lifestyle interventions even before the patient may think it is necessary.
The study's primary interest was to ascertain "the contrasts between the carbohydrate and protein diets and between the carbohydrate and unsaturated fat diets" (pg. 2459). What the study found was that for each diet (when compared to baseline) "systolic and diastolic blood pressure and levels of LDL, total, and HDL cholesterol were lower on each diet" (pg. 2459). However, the diet that showed the most effect on blood pressure and lipids was the protein diet. "Compared with the carbohydrate diet, both the protein and unsaturated fat diets significantly lowered systolic and diastolic blood pressure in all participants and in those who were hypertensive" (pg. 2459).
The protein diet was effective for lowering blood pressure and for lowering lipids. The study determined "the protein diet but not the unsaturated fat diet significantly lowered LDL cholesterol levels compared to the carbohydrate diet…the protein diet significantly reduced HDL cholesterol levels compared with the carbohydrate and the unsaturated fat diets" (pg. 2459).
This data and the study's findings can be invaluable when questioned by a patient seeking information that may help them live longer and healthier lives. A nurse must be knowledgeable in all aspects of health, even when approached by a seemingly healthy, young or vibrant individual. Knowing that a high protein diet has shown more infinity (at least by this study) to lowering blood pressure and cholesterol levels may come in handy as interactions with patients oftentimes takes place.
Especially helpful would be the study's estimated cardiovascular risk component that states, "compared with baseline, the 10-year risk of CHD was lower on each study diet by 16.1 to 21% as estimated from the Framingham risk equation" (pg. 2461). Espousing such data could surely be a risk worth taking.
A final study that might be of interest to the nursing industry was a study that took place between 1994 and 1997 and had over 28,572 volunteers. The participants were all recruited from various regions of Greece and overall enjoyed the Mediterranean diet as their normal food consumption. This is an interesting study due to the large numbers and the fact that it looked to ascertain the effects of a local culture on the local citizenry.
"The Mediterranean diet was first considered…as a diet low in saturated lipids that conveyed protection against coronary heart disease by lowering plasma cholesterol levels" (Trichopoulou, Bamia, Trichopoulos, 2005, pg. 929).
This study is in sharp contrast to the other two studies presented above. The first study was on obese, older adults, many of whom had already experienced some form of high blood pressure, hypertension and other cardiovascular maladies. The second study focused on healthy, young individuals who wished to have relatively small changes to their lifestyles. That study showed how protein, monounsaturated fat, and carbohydrate diets lowered the risk factors of early hypertension and other cardio health symptoms. The Trichopoulou study sought to determine whether an entire culture could be effectively combating cardiovascular disease based on the diet that was consumed.
The researchers state, "we have been able to evaluate the effects of the traditional Mediterranean diet on survival among individuals previously diagnosed as having coronary heart disease" (Trichopoulou, pg. 929). Results from the study show that "in an analysis of a fairly large sample of individuals participating...
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