This lack of mindfulness, when applied to the education system, can lead to sudden and unexpected change. The authors appear to believe that this is, by association, an affliction of the leadership position, which makes it all the more important to involve the public in the decision-making process. To increase mindfulness, Boleman and Deal (p. 11) suggest the construction of frames, which are basically a type of map by means of which systems can be monitored. If any element within the system then does not fit into the frame, it can be examined in more depth to determine the appropriate course of action to mitigate the anomalies or unfavorable changes in the system.

The main advantage of frames is that it can be applied to the system as a whole and that it determines meaningful patterns. Any anomaly can therefore be identified and handled without any...

Hence, solutions can be determined and implemented on a continuous basis, which would make severe and long-term budget cuts unnecessary.
In conclusion, New Public Management should include paradigms such as mindfulness and frameworks to determine and mitigate minor short-term change. When continued mindfulness is excercised regarding such changes, the long-term necessity for budget cuts will be mitigated. By association, this would mean a better education system and ultimately a healthier economy with more young people who enter the job market and contribute meaningfully to the economy. Surely, this is more important than the short-term general efficiency that is the purpose of severe budget cuts in the state education…