An event of this magnitude will build both the image and the identity of the host country. There is also the benefit of publicly displaying, for the world, a country's capabilities, expertise, and modern infrastructure. This can be a significant aid in attracting other events in the future, whether they be other types of sporting events, or corporation events, or industry-sponsored events -- establishing the country as a business tourism destination. For South Africa, and other areas where security is often a concern of travelers, events like the World Cup will serve as an opportunity to not only upgrade safety and security measures, but then also to showcase these measures to the world, enhancing their tourism message ("Business tourism," 2008). According to Goolam Ballim, Standard Bank economist, for South Africa, hosting the World Cup will help change perceptions foreign investors may have concerning South Africa (cited "2010 FIFA," 2009). The same holds true for any nation privileged to be chosen as a host. Despite these advantages, there are disadvantages to hosting the FIFA World Cup as well.
Disadvantages to Hosting the World Cup
Sturgess and Brady (2006) note that the literature concerning whether or not it is advantageous to host an international sporting event, like the World Cup, is quite divided. Although many researchers have found a significant economic boost, one of the primary advantages for hosting an event of this magnitude, there are a number of extremely pessimistic pieces of literature, according to Sturgess and Brady, that indicate that hosting an event like the World Cup has only a negligible effect on the economic growth of the host country, and sometimes a negative impact.
There is also the potential disadvantage of the long-lasting effect should the event not go well for a host city. If the enormous capacity of the World Cup event is not well-managed, the host may see not only potential future travelers not making their city a destination, but also regular travelers may look elsewhere to host their future events ("Business tourism," 2008). This is a significant risk for any city, given the sheer logistics of hosting an event of this scale. For the United States, this risk is especially important.
Hundreds of cities around the United States are vying for the attention and business of conventions, trade shows and sporting events. Taking on an event like the FIFA World Cup could either establish an American city as 'the place' to host a large event, or have it become infamous for its failure to properly handle event planning. Although security concerns are not the same as those found in South Africa, American cities would also have significant security concerns. From simple pick pocketing to full scale terrorism, crime escalates during an event like this. This one facet could make or break the entire event, and with it the city's future hopes of attracting other events. In addition, just as there are benefits that a city will enjoy once the World Cup has come and gone, there are also disadvantages too.
As Sturgess and Brady (2006) note, one disadvantage is the cost of maintaining facilities that were built for the event itself. One only has to look at South Africa to see what a significant cost this can be. South Africa is building or majorly renovating ten facilities for the 2010 World Cup. Certainly these facilities will be used during the series of games; however, what about once the World Cup is over. In America, where although soccer has a moderate following, it has nowhere near the following of other national sports -- like the NFL -- and therefore all of the facilities needed to host such a large, international sporting event are not really needed once the event is over. These venues may sit unused, or only partially used. The city will incur the continuing expenses...
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