BluetoothTM is a low cost, low power, short-range radio technology- originally perceived as cable replacement alternative for the cable / wire connected devices such as mobile phone hand, headsets, and portable computers. The BluetoothTM's goals expanded to include standardized wireless communications between any electrical devices and created a notion of Personal Area Network. The write-up traces history of BluetoothTM starting with its unusual name to formation of Special Interest Group, SIG's formation, its growth culminating into implementation of version 1.0b.
Version 1.0 of the Bluetooth came out in 1999-starting as early as 1994 by engineers from Ericsson. The specification is named after Harald Blatand- a tenth century Viking. Ericsson Corp. founded the Bluetooth SIG in February 1998, Intel Corp., IBM Corp., Toshiba Corp., and Nokia Mobile Phones. In December 1999, core promoters group enlarged to include four major players, namely, Micorsoft, Lucent, 3 Com and Motorola.
Then, the components of BluetoothTM: the protocols, the application profiles are discussed the essentials. The protocol stack is usually, implemented partly in hardware and partly, as software running on microprocessor with implementation partitioning the functionality between hardware and software in different ways. The BluetoothTM devices operate using ISM band- reserved for Industrial, Scientific, and Medical-, which obey set of power and spectral emission and interference specifications. The data packet, piconet and scatternet, voice and links are discussed. The figures support the narrative.
The vulnerability of BluetoothTM is presented, briefly and comparison with immediate competitors i.e., IrDA and Wi-Fi.
Description
1
History: Technology and Viking
4
2
The Special Interest Group, The Name- Harald Blatand, What is Bluetooth
4-7
3
Bluetooth Specific Protocols
7
4
The Radio, Frequency Hopping and Radio Parameters
8-10
5
The Baseband
10
6
The Service Discovery Protocol, Wireless Access Protocol,
Point-to-Point protocol, User Datagram protocol, Transport Control and Internet Protocol
11-13
7
RFCOMM, Bluetooth Packet structure, piconet and Scatternet,
13-16
8
Security and Encryption
16-17
9
The Link Manager
17-18
10
The Host Controller Interface
18-19
11
The Bluetooth Profiles-Applications
19
12
The Generic Access Profile
20
13
Serial Port Profile
20-21
14
The Dial-Up-Network
22
15
FAX profile, Headset Profile, LAN access point profile
22-24
17
Generic Object Exchange Profile
24
18
The Object Exchange Profile
24
19
File Transfer profile, Synchronization, Intercom profile and Cordless telephony
25
20
The Competing Technologies
25-27
21
Bluetooth: Problems and Issues
27
22
Bluetooth: Industrial Backing
28
23
Conclusions
28
24
References
31
The Bluetooth
Table of Contents
Table of Figures
Figure No
Figure and Diagram description
Page No.
1
The Bluetooth Protocol Stack
7
2
WAP on the Bluetooth protocol stack
12
3
Packet coding Structure
15
4
Piconet and Scatternet
16
5
Summary of Link Manager Protocol
17
6
Bluetooth Profile
19
7
OSI Reference model and Bluetooth
21
8
Bluetooth Protocol Stack
21
9
Dial-Up Networking Stack
23
10
OBEX in Bluetooth stack
24
11
IrDA DATA protocol stack
26
12
Glossary of terms
29-30
13
References
31
Table of Tables
Table
Description
Page No.
1
IrDA and BluetoothTM Compared
26
The Bluetooth
History: Technology and Viking
The Bluetooth wireless technology was conceived by engineers at Swedish telecommunications manufacturer Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson (hereafter, Ericsson) who realized the potential of global market for short-range wireless communications. In 1994 Ericsson had begun a project to study the feasibility of a low-power, low-cost radio interface to eliminate cables between mobile phones and their accessories.
The customers clearly prefer to purchase and deploy technologies based on industry standards. By creating a level playing field, standards give customers greater freedom to choose from among competing platforms and solutions, to protect their investments as technologies evolve. Against this backdrop- that the technology was more likely to be wisely accepted, if it was adopted and refined by an industry group that could produce an open, common specification- Ericsson inventors moved to form a Special Interest Group.
The Special Interest Group
In early 1998, leading companies in the computing and telecommunication industries formed the Bluetooth SIG to focus on developing exactly such an open specification. The founding companies of the SIG are Ericsson, Intel Corporation, International Business Machines Corporation (IBM), Nokia Corporation, and Toshiba Corporation. These companies formed the original core group (known as promoter companies) of the SIG. The SIG was publicly announced in May 1998 with a charter to produce an open specification for hardware and software that would promote interoperable, cross-platform implementations for all kinds of devices. As the specification...
It can allow the organizations to conduct their business in a more flexible and advanced manner. Though this technology has a few disadvantages but it can work on it and can become as reliable, successful and secure as wireless networks and can dominate the industry of technology and telecommunication through its various advantages and advanced features. (Dursch, Yen & Shih, 2004) References Dursch, a., Yen, D.C., & Shih, D. (2004). Bluetooth
Technology in the Environment of the Factory Interactive Technology in the Environment Author's note with contact information and more details on collegiate affiliation, etc. Technology in the Environment of The Factory Interactive The purpose of the field trip is to understand and experience the relationship between technology and the environment of Miami. The purpose is to also gather information about the trip site, The Factory Interactive. The Factory Interactive is a digital design agency. Human
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Bluetooth devices use encryption security and this makes the requirement of a "unique key session key to derive per-packet keys thus avoiding frequent key reuse." (Kennedy and Hunt, 2008, p.4) Kennedy and Hunt report that ZigBee is a reasonably priced low energy consumption two-way CDMA/BA-based wireless communications standard which is based on IEEE 802.15.4 which is referred to commonly as a 'Low Rate Wireless Personal Area Networks (LR-WPANs) and which
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