Advanced practice roles that include blended roles of the CNS and NP, the CNM and the CRNA
Nursing began as a generalized discipline but has become increasingly specialized as the profession has grown more technical in nature. "From these early beginnings -- the nurse midwife (CNM), the nurse anesthetist (CRNA), the clinical nurse specialist (CNS), and the nurse practitioner (NP)" evolved (Hanson & Harnric 2003: 203). This process of evolution was a relatively gradual one, as the specialty developed in specific practice settings; gradually made organized training for specialties available in routine clinical practice; then, finally, with the growth of the specialized knowledge base the pressures mounted "for standardization and graduate educational programs" (Hanson & Harnric 2003: 204). This can be seen in the more recent evolution of the specialty of the nurse pediatrician. For example, at Vanderbilt University's School of Nursing, its "Pediatric Primary Care Nurse Practitioner (PNP) track provides a broad theoretical and research foundation in advanced concepts of parent, child and adolescent nursing. An expert preceptorship provides an immersion experience with a clinical mentor -- combining theory, research and practice in a clinical setting. Direct clinical experience is provided through observation and participation on a health care team in a primary care setting" (PNP, 2013, Vanderbilt).
In the field of medicine, fewer and fewer physicians are embarking upon careers in less lucrative specialties such as primary care and pediatrics. Nurses are beginning to fill this 'gap' and can provide more cost-effective solutions for routine care. Increasingly, nurses may be able to take on many of the roles of doctors in this evolving field. "Like other nurses, pediatric nurses can perform physical examinations, measure vital statistics, take blood and urine samples and order diagnostic tests. Nurses with advanced training can interpret test results to form diagnoses and develop...
Leadership in Nursing Excellence in leadership is an inherently innate skill set that over time emerges in the attitude, commitment and performance of subordinates. It is also reflected in how a given business unit or department coordinate, collaborates and trusts each other (Cohen, 2013). Compounding these factors are the often complex, highly intricate and often challenging aspects of managing and leading a nursing department (Swearingen, Liberman, 2004). The stresses and requirements
There are clear philosophical connections between the core ideas of hermeneutics and those of historicism, because each posits a potentially radical degree of relativism. Rodgers & Knafl (2005) explore this, arguing not for a return to any radical empiricism but rather to acknowledge that while knowledge and certainly medical praxis is socially constructed (and constructed along lines of socially sanctioned power hierarchies), there are fundamental empirical elements to nursing that
In 1858, Louis Pasteur identified germs, proving that diseases did not 'spontaneously' arise as nightingale thought (Atwell, 1998). However, it was Nightingale that began work as to the conditions that promoted the growth of germs, but she would not know this for many years. The Crimean War: Putting Theory Into Practice When the Crimean War broke out, she began work at once in a British hospital. Her emphasis was placed on
Internationally, for example, most countries do not have protected titles and there is no agreement about the use of titles to distinguish APN roles. Role confusion arises when the same title, such a nurse specialist is applied to different roles with varied purposes, educational preparation, and scopes of practice. As this role becomes more integrated into the framework of different societies and is better defined, it is expected that
To make the point Silverstein reiterates the history of psychiatric specialty nursing, a traditional role for specialty care in nursing. To deliver specialized care to those in mental institutions, mental nurses were required to possess specific qualities and demonstrate unique abilities, such as sympathy, intelligence, and trustworthiness (Church, 1982). Other essential attributes included knowing how to calm the nerves of an anxious or suicidal patient by using empathy and tact.
Patient Safety Against Injurious Falls Description A White-Paper Testimony on Current Risks With more than a thousand preventable deaths a day, the need to pay greater attention to improving current patient safety conditions and standards is unquestionable (Gandhi, 2014). This was the gist of a testimony to the U.S. Senate Committee on Health, Labor, Education and Pensions Subcommittee on Primary Health and Aging. The white paper discussed the current safety risks faced by
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