Again, if a behavior is followed by an aversive stimulus, the probability of a repetition of such a behavior decreases. The removal of an aversive stimulus by an experimenter results in a negative reinforcement. If an aversive stimulus, which follows a certain type of behavior, is removed, the chance of repetition of such a behavior increases. The operant conditioning behavioral theory may find applications in the educational sphere for understanding and manipulating the behavior of students. However, it may not always be possible for teachers to determine positive and negative reinforcements for every situation or behavior. (Davis, 2006)
Another behaviorist whose theories added to the understanding of human behavior and how it influences personality was Albert Bandura. According to Bandura, people may learn new behavior by observing others and change their own behavior accordingly without receiving any rewards to do so. According to Bandura and other behaviorists, any kind of punishment including self-punishment is beset with problems and does not work as effectively as reinforcement. Excessive self-punishment may lead to escape in the form of fantasies, alcohol, drugs and even suicide. It may also result in a superiority complex or compensation or apathy and depression or inactivity. Using modeling and self-control therapies, a counselor or the affected person can deal with various psychological disorders as well as problems like overeating and smoking. Self-control theories are excellent for use by counselors as well as HR personnel for reforming irritating or problematic habits. (Boeree, 2006); (Davis, 2006)
These self-control techniques include behavioral charts (keeping notes or tabs on one's own behavior; this may also involve keeping a behavioral diary), environmental planning (taking steps to alter one's environment which leads to the problematic behavior; this may involve removing ashtrays, substituting cigarettes with mints, staying away from certain friends), and self-contracts (like rewarding oneself for adhering to a plan or contract). Understanding such problems in human behavior may help in better...
Psychology Theories of personality focus on inner traits of individuals, which may or may not be viewed as static. The most important schools of personality psychology include Psychodynamic Theory, Freud's Theory of Personality, Humanistic Theory, B.F. Skinner's Theory of Personality, Social Learning Theory, and Evolutionary Personality Theory. While all these theories share in common their goal to explain, analyze, and understand human behavior in terms of personality explanations, there are important
Personality Theories of Personality This paper analyses the process of personality development in detail. It discusses how various genetic, environmental, cognitive, unconscious and socioculture factors affect the process of personality development in different individuals. Theory of Personality Personality can be defined as the sum total of all the characteristics that make an individual unique and different from other individuals. In order to analyze one's personality you do not necessarily need a psychologist to
Personality Profiles There are several theoretical approaches that are utilized in explaining personality based on the different traits relating to an individual. These theoretical approaches are divided into two major categories i.e. the five domains and complex models domains. The five domains (psychodynamic, humanistic, behavioral, trait and type, and learning) are approaches that focus on how individual traits are developed and how behavior is formulated. On the other hand, the complex
Behavioral Research and Christian Worldview Behavioral Research and the Christian Worldview: An Analysis of Current Research in Individual, Group, and Organizational Behavior In today's modern world, behavioral theory is one that is consistently studied and edited as it affects each and every individual who exists on the earth. While one's behavior in an individualized setting may significantly differ from their behavior in a group setting or an organizational setting, certain theories and
The two approaches employed and explored also provided richer understanding of personality and prejudice as well as comparative analyses between these two approaches. The study was also able to keenly account for certain nuances such as differences in results when certain variables where entered first in multiple regression technique. I also appreciate the fact that the researchers took time to discuss the varying degrees of freedom between person- and
Personality: Permanent? It has been a long controversy about how nature and nurture imply to personality traits and human behavior. Nature means that genetic factor and the system of organs control the personality, while nurture means the personality is a result of conditioned circumstances where a person is brought up. It includes the personality of other people, like family, includes the teaching, and lessons a child gains during his/her mental development
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