Each cell inside a battery consists of a liquid, paste or solid "electrolyte," a "positive electrode," and a "negative electrode." The electrolyte is an ionic conductor; one of the electrodes reacts, producing electrons, while the other accepts electrons. When the electrodes are connected to a device to be powered (called a load) an electrical current flows. ("Battery," 2007)
As an example, in one cell of a lead-acid battery used in automobiles, the process producing the current takes place as follows:
One plate inside the cell is made of lead; the other plate is made of lead dioxide, and it contains a strong sulfuric acid electrolyte in which both plates are immersed.
Lead combines with SO4 to create lead sulfate (PbSO4) plus one electron.
Lead dioxide, hydrogen ions and SO4 ions, plus electrons from the lead plate, create PbSO4 and water on the lead dioxide plate.
As the battery discharges, both plates build up PbSO4 (lead sulfate), and water builds up in the acid. (Brain, 2007)
The reaction can be reversed by applying current to...
Nano particles and nano tubes are on the small scale of a virus, which is why the living organism is crucial for downsizing the materials that are customarily used in portable rechargeable batteries. The new batteries will be more powerful and also prove less taxing on the environment. Manufacturing the virus-assisted batteries will also be more efficient and safer, as no solvents are needed to manipulate them and engineers
Battery Park City Battery Park: Faux apple Battery Park City, according to author and New York City resident Phillip Lopate, is internationally celebrated as a success, as "a model of waterfront development (Lopate 29). However, it has also been called "a broken promise" (Rogers 2005). "The broken promise to use excess Battery Park City revenues for affordable housing was made in 1989 and has been a bone of contention ever since" (Rogers
Disposable batteries have transformed the way that we live and the types of activities that we do. The purpose of this discussion is to provide the reader with a natural history of disposable batteries from the time the raw materials are extracted from the earth to the time they are recycled or in a land fill. We will seek to explain the environmental impact that batteries have along the path
Telephone Customer Service Representatives Employment Assessment - Telephone How do you interpret the reliability results for the clerical test and work sample? Are they favorable enough for the company to consider using them for keeps in selecting job applicants? A primary objective of evaluating two new methods of assessing candidates for positions as telephone customer service representatives for the Phonemin Company is to improve the caliber of the employment pool from which
The economy may be strong in some areas but weak in others as the fuel industry seeks to deprive the culture of traditional food bearing crops, in exchange for fuel bearing ones, and decreases the biodiversity of the nation in the process. "... with ethanol and biodiesel as a springboard, Brazil's President...Lula da Silva aims to turn his country into an energy superpower --...environmentalists warn that although bio-fuels reduce
agency/organization in which you worked. Include information on the size of the organization (number of personnel, of what kinds) and the division of labor into units or departments. Obtain an organizational chart, or prepare one yourself, showing the formal structure of the organization. The organization where I worked from April 24, 2012 to June 29, 2012 was U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE). Created in 2003, it is the main
Our semester plans gives you unlimited, unrestricted access to our entire library of resources —writing tools, guides, example essays, tutorials, class notes, and more.
Get Started Now