The age of the stadium can be appealing if the stadium is rich with history, or if it is new and equipped with the most modern features. However, middle-aged stadiums may have neither appeal and could result in depressed attendance figures. The number of wins that the team has in the season impacts fan interest, as does the team's salary (which is a good way to operationalize a team's star power).
Each of these variables is already quantified, so is fully operationalized. This avoids the trap of using spurious proxies in a study. There are three possible outcomes that can result from this research. The null hypothesis can be proven within significant confidence limits or it may be disproved. The third option is that the null hypothesis may be proven, but there is reason to suspect that some of the variables are closely related to one another and that this has an impact. For example, it is possible that while both salary and wins are shown to be correlated with attendance, that this is only because they are strongly correlated with one another. Thus, the third option is that evidence may be found of cross-correlations that casts doubt about the findings that either support or fail to support the null hypothesis.
The level of measurement for the age of the stadium will be years. One year will be used as the scale, as partial years are significant in assets that could be decades old. The level of measurement for the teams' salaries will be millions of dollars...
Baseball and the American Character The three essays on baseball, by Allen Guttman, Murray Ross and Michael Mandelbaum, are all well written and supply unique opinions and ideas about baseball and America that are interesting but quite different. In this paper the writer will take a position on the debate that is going on with these three writers. Allen Guttman's Essay Guttmann reviews the phases of the American experience to explain what is
With a less stronger structure and with the fact that it had no history whatsoever, baseball did not appear to be the next big thing in nineteenth century Canada. Surprisingly, however, the sport grew into the hearts of the Canadians and quickly replaced cricket and lacrosse. Even though the game is played at a different level in Canada, the Canadian teams have been reported to be worthy of competing
Baseball is a sporting game, whereby only a baseball bat, baseball glove and a ball are used, it is played between two teams, one is called the batting team and the other is the fielding team each consisting of nine players. Goals are awarded depending on the numbers of runs, of which to complete one run a player has to hit a ball thrown at him and then touchdown on
As a young pitcher, I had pretty good mechanics thanks to my father's coaching. His influence on my style did not always please the high school coaches but it did not take them long to notice that whatever I was doing worked. Yet I also had to work hard at surrendering my pride. I needed to incorporate the coaches' wisdom with that of my father's and blend it all
What I also find fascinating about early baseball is how early baseball evolved into the business it is today. Expansion of teams into new markets first occurred in the 1960s ("The History of Baseball" nd). Players, fans, managers, and team owners as well as cities started to view the sport more as a business opportunity than simply a pastime. Before long, the players formed a labor union and their high
If the team managers were to infuse players with a greater sense of camaraderie and a winning approach to playing, the team may perform well. Often the media uses derogatory terms when describing the team, such as the team that "spoiled" the best stadium in the nation (Spagnolo, 2007). Proclamations as this can also turn sentiment into reality, and cause poor self-esteem among players. It seems as though the owners
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