Basal metabolic rate (BMR) is the measure of the amount of energy expended per unit of time to maintain a living state at rest. According to Gropper and Smith (2009), it represents the rate at which the body's energy expenditures sustain basic life processes such as heartbeat, blood circulation, respiration, and renal function. Since BMR measurements are often taken when an individual wakes, it also includes the energy the body needs to remain awake. There are many different methods for calculating the BMR, and estimations are often based on body weight, body surface area, and calculation from regression equations that measure an individual's height, weight, age, and gender. Gropper and Smith (2009) state that one estimate of the BMR is based on the body weight raised to the power of 0.75 [54, 57]. Using the equation BMR (kcal/day), weight (W) is measured in Kilograms and raised to the power of 0.75, which is then multiplied by 70 (70*W0.75). The Harris Benedict equation can also be used to determine a person's basal and resting energy needs (Gropper and Smith, 2009). It uses the individual's BMR together with an activity factor to determine daily energy expenditure. To calculate BMR using lean body mass (LBM), the Katch-McArdle Formula is applied, where the BMR is calculated as...
For instance, reduction in BMR and physical activity may lead to weight gain and energy balance, and if this is not accompanied by an age appropriate energy intake; it may lead to dysfunction of the hypothalamus.ANATOMY Anatomy: Special SensesPrompt 1The human body has two senses types: special and general. Special senses include various body organs to feel the surroundings, for example, balancing, seeing, tasting, and smell, whereas general senses are only related to touch (Miller, 2020). The sensory data that the brain receives is collected by the skin that touches the objects. The general senses encompass pain, pressure, vibration, and proprioception. For instance, if we
Menopause: A Short History From Human Anatomy and Physiology, Spence and Mason, 2nd Edition from 1983, comes this description of Menopause. At about age 50, the ovarian and menstrual cycles gradually become irregular. Ovulation fails to occur during many of the irregular cycles and in most women the cycles cease altogether over the next several months or at most, a few years. The cessation of the menstrual cycle is referred to as
Anatomy Major cavities of the body and their organs: Our body is made up of solid structures and many cavities. The organs are packed in these cavities and they fill these cavities. The major cavities in our body are: the ventral cavity, which is surrounded by the rib cage and the abdominal musculature and dorsal cavity, which is surrounded by the bones of the skull and vertebral column. (Introduction / Terminology) Significance and
REFERENCES Eimas, R. "The Great Anatomy of Paolo Mascagni. University of Iowa Special Collections. April, 1963. Retrieved from: http://www.lib.uiowa.edu/spec-coll/Bai/eimas.htm Goldfinger, E. Human Anatomy for Artists: The Elements of Form. New York: Oxford University Press, 1991. Heckscher, W.S. Rembrandt's Anatomy of Dr. Nicolaas Tulp: An Icolonological Study. Albany: University of New York Press, 1958. Iipma, F., et.al. "The Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Nicolaes Tulp by Rembrandt (1632): A Comparison of the Painting With a Dissected Left
). These complications will be discussed in the discussion section of this paper. Discussion Taking into account the physiological functioning of these bacteria on the human sensory and muscles muscle system it becomes clear that that this can be a serious threat to human health and, as discussed above, this disease can lead to death. Modern medicine has however created an antidote to the effects of this disease. Tetanus can be prevented
Human-Equipment Interface Technological transformations have brought widespread use of machines and tools to the work setting. Owing to this, such concepts as human-machine/equipment interfaces have become increasingly prominent. In its simplest form, human-machine interface (HMI) refers to the point or extent of interaction between a machine and its operator; taken literally, it is the area of the machine and that of the human that interact during the execution of a task.
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