Organizational Commitment
The author of this report is asked to compare and contrast three articles relating to organizational commitment. The three articles in question are all heavy-hitters on the topic and all emanate from the academic and peer-reviewed scholarly spheres. The first was the 2002 treatise offered by Swailes. This more dominant offering relating to organizational commitment will be compared to the 2008 work or Rikettta and the 2006 work of Harrison et al. While there are definitely differences in the options and conclusions made by the three studies, they also share very strong corollaries.
Questions Answered
Swailes started off by covering the early viewpoints of organizational commitment dating back to the work of Fayol in the 1940's. He also covered Weber's work in 1947 as well as other works through the 1970's, 1980's and 1990's. The earlier work that Swailes seized on and identified as pivotal when speaking of organizational commitment was the "four bases" of organizational commitment as identified by Etzioni in 1961. He pointed out the three primary means of involvement, those being moral, calculative and alienative, with the latter being something that would and should only be applied to things like prison and military settings. It does not belong in a normal business climate. He then notes the three main kind of involvement can be linked to three kinds of power, those being coercive, remunerative and normative (Swailes, 2002).
After covering a few other items, a major conclusion of Swailes is that there is not a lot of solid linkage between organizational commitment and any linked outcomes, but Swailes says this is because that the people are looking at the reasons for the commitment rather than the commitment itself. To combat this, Swailes suggests using metrics that span relational and transactional contracts while taking cultural variances and similarities into account. He also notes that the different perceived outcomes and what leads to the same are very complex and varied and that definitive linkages are not all that easy to bring together. He also notes that the factors "coalesce" into feelings and perceptions more than dry and impersonal factors. In short, the feelings and perceptions...
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