Religion is an inherent part or element of a culture or society, and this must be viewed in the context of the society/culture in which this religion developed and thrived. It must be considered that all religions give credit to humanity's existence through a certain god / goddess (or in the case of polytheistic religions, gods/goddesses). Differences across religions lie only on the traditions observed, roles assumed by each member, and worldview and perspectives about specific issues, understood from the context of the society's/culture's religion. However, the central idea of having a creator/creators that govern all living and non-living things in the world remains constant across religions, therefore making it possible for anthropologists to consider and explain the concept of universality of religion.
10. How and why do cultures change?
Cultures change because of changes in the peoples' interactions or geographical phenomena. Changes in the social actors and their interactions with each other almost always result to a specific change in the cultures of the peoples, as in the case of the North and South regions in the U.S., which remained mainly conservative and liberal, respectively, as a result of their histories as 'warring' regions during the period wherein the slavery system is still in practice but constantly opposed/criticized by Americans in the North. Geographical difference is also critical in determining the differences and changes among cultures. This is reflected in African nations, which are geographically divided by their conquerors/colonizers despite the same culture that they share prior to their colonization. As a result of the geographical boundaries set among nations, different cultures emerged and developed in each country, which resulted to the creation of a distinct identity of each nation / country, but this also spurred conflicts/wars between countries, as their differences proved to be irreconcilable in specific cases/instances.
11. Madeleine Leininger: Who is she and what she did?
Madeleine Leininger pioneered the Transcultural Nursing movement that emerged in the late 20th century in the United States, and the influence of this movement eventually led to the recognition of transcultural nursing across countries worldwide. Leininger defines transcultural nursing as a substantive area of study and practice focused on comparative cultural care values, beliefs, and practices of individuals or groups of similar or different cultures with the goal of providing culture-specific and universal nursing care practices in promoting health or well-being or to help people to face unfavorable human conditions, illness, or death in culturally meaningful ways.
This passage is anchored on two main concepts relevant to the concept of transcultural nursing: nursing care and culture-specific practices. Nursing care is universal and particularly centered on medical practices and creating a balance between providing the correct medical or health care to the patient and proving care service that the patient specifically needs -- or, to a wider scope, providing specific care services to distinctly different patient needs. Indeed, through the concept of transcultural nursing,...
Anthropology Review and Critique: Gender in Cross-Cultural Perspectives The textbook by Brettell and Sargent on the myriad and diverse studies of gender is not only written with excellent scholarship and with a style that is engaging, but the subject selections - and their order of placement - contribute to a wholly informative presentation. Even the introductions to each section are interesting and informative; indeed, a bright, alert reader could digest just
I try not to pry into what I see as the private business of others. Privacy, I believe is something that is strongly valued in America -- in other societies, older societies, what one did was of interest to the community, even if it took place behind closed doors. However, despite or even because of the privacy and freedom given to me, I try to uphold my high moral
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Additionally, in terms of the study of culture within academia, Williams believes that cultural anthropology has come to reference studying cultural material productions, while history and cultural studies focus on the study of cultures as symbolic systems. But the cultural anthropologist Clifford Geertz's title of his book the Interpretation of Cultures suggests that cultures, like languages and texts are meant to be interpreted. Cultural anthropology as a term has become
In cultures were being or relationality has a greater emphasis, human relations are at the forefront of most individual's concerns. It might even be considered rude to ask what someone does for a living in a social setting, at least before taking in some of the hospitality of the host in the form of food and drink. Social and emotional perceptions of value are of great importance. One example of
American Culture Writers such as Pico Iyer, Richard Pells, and Joseph Nye are in fact correct that the world culture has not and will not be Americanized. These writers are correct in asserting that American culture is ever forceful, but still America remains just one influence in a multicultural world: a manifestation of globalization. With such a supreme focus on America, it can seem like America is the dominant force; however,
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