In ancient-Israel, households were largely self-sufficient. People did not specialize and trade was not a substantial part of the society. (Meyers, p.143). It seems likely that animals were stabled inside with people, on the first floor of the home, which also had space for other agricultural concerns, and crafts. Excavations have revealed the presence of animal bones almost everywhere; demonstrating the importance of animals to the economy. They have also revealed a lack of imported goods, helping reaffirm the self-sufficient nature of households. (Meyers, p.143). The result is that an ancient-Israeli housewife was, in all senses of the word, a "working mother." She was actively involved in subsistence and contributions to the family's economy. However, much of Christian tradition has been concerned with relegating women to the domestic sphere, and basing that separation on Biblical tradition. However, outside of a pioneer agrarian context, that relegation makes no sense. Even the daily work involved in food production in an agrarian society is incomprehensible to most modern people. When economic freedom permits a housewife to purpose craft items and the raising of animals and crops, a substantial portion of her economic duties in the home have been removed. If one chooses to base modern economic roles on an ancient Israeli tradition, then the notion of a woman working outside of the home would actually be more consistent with that tradition than the notion of a stay-at-home...
However, it is fair to assume that much of these relationships focused on the reproductive capacity of women, so that they may have contributed less in other areas. However, in societies where all capable family members were expected to contribute, the long periods of childhood and extensive mothering did not exist, so that men and women could still participate fully in the household, contributing roughly equal amounts of labor, though probably in different gender-divided areas. When the household was the most important social unit, women probably had tremendous power.
This was true for example in the northern countries of Europe where Protestantism had firmly embedded itself an thrown off Church teaching. Wars were the result as the Holy Roman Empire attempted to put down the Protestant Rebellions -- but the Peace of Westphalia in 1648 finally and politically gave the Protestant countries in the north of Europe the right to exercise their new religions. Humanism, indeed, was spreading
memoirs and writings of early Israel are confined in the Pentateuch, meaning Genesis through Deuteronomy. Within these pages lies the lineage of the children of Israel or the nation of Israel as it discloses in the patriarchal accounts, the story of Abraham and his sons, Isaac, and Jacob. Chronicled there, the histrionic deliverance of the progenies of Israel from Egypt as well as the founding of the nation's commandments
Creation Myth Analysis Case Study of the History of Biblical Creation Narratives What Is Myth? What Is History? Manetho Josephus Jeroboam Is Genesis 1:1-2:4 Myth? Is Genesis 1:1-2:4 History? Is Genesis 1:1-2:4 Both Myth and History? An Analysis of the Biblical Creation Narrative of Genesis 1:1-25 and Egypt's Possible Influence on the Historical Record God created the world in just six days, and rested on the seventh, but scholars have not rested at all over the millennia in their investigation of
History and Development of International Conflict Management: Israel-Arab ConflictToday, the 22 member-states of the Arab League are scattered across the Middle East and North Africa where the lands have long been the source of conflict. Indeed, since antiquity, the lands that are currently occupied by Arab nations have been the fountainhead from which humankind emerged, as well as the source of relentless wars between the Arab and Israeli peoples based
Idolatry: How some object or text discovered by archeologists, or some other type of cultural or literary parallel, enhances our understanding of something in Exodus Prospectus: Idolatry in the ancient Near East -- a non-Exodus Perspective Over the course of the past several decades in modernity, numerous objects as well as the actual substances of texts discovered by archaeologists, have contributed to the modern understanding of the characterization of so-called 'idol worship' in
This obscure, nameless darshan's interpretation of B. Yevamot 62b has been particularly enduring, yet, according to Satlow, "while such an interpretation of this sugya makes a good sermon, it makes poor history ... The sugya as a whole is in fact an attempt to answer the question, Why should a man marry" (Satlow pp). And the answer that it gives is much more complex than recognized by "our" darshan
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