Money and Banking
Monetary Policy
If the central bank has an interest rate target, why would an increase in the demand for bank reserves lead to a rise in the money supply?
An increase in the demand for reserves will raise the central bank's fund target. So as to preclude such a possibility, the central bank will purchase bonds, thus increasing the amount of non-borrowed reserves. As a result, this shifts the supply curve for reserves to the right, thus maintaining the central bank's funds rate from increasing. The open market purchase will at that time instigate a rise in the monetary base and the money supply.
MS1 MS2
Interest Rate (4%) L2 (Y1)
L1 (Y1)
M/P
As indicated in the diagram, the assumption is that the central bank targets an interest rate of 4% per annum. Considering this, the money demand increases are offset by a change in the money supply. In the diagram above, the initial money supply level is indicated by MS1. The increase in demand level causes a shift of the money demand curve to L2 (Y1). This instance has a tendency of causing the interest rate to increase. When the central bank perceives the increase in the interest rate, it goes on to increase the money supply in reaction to decrease the interest rate back to its targeted rate, in this case assumed to be 4%. If the central bank succeeds in doing this, it causes the money supply to increase to MS2 (Schwartz, 2008).
II. The benefits of central bank lending to banks (rediscount operations) to prevent bank panics are obvious. What are the costs?
The costs are that banks that deserve to go out of business because of bad and ineffective management might survive owing to central bank discounting to preclude anxieties. This may result in an incompetent banking system with several ineffectively operated banks.
III. Compare the use of open-market-operations, central bank lending facilities (rediscounting), and...
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Monetary Policy & International Finance and Exchange Rate Monetary Policy If the central bank has an interest rate target, why would an increase in the demand for bank reserves lead to a rise in the money supply? (Use demand & supply graph) A rise in the demand for reserves will increase the federal funds target. So as to preclude this, the central bank will purchase bonds, in so doing, increasing the amount of
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