Leadership and Management of Nursing Shortage and Nurse Turn-Over
Several research scholars have stressed the significance of effective healthcare leadership, and leadership by nurses is critical to this, since nurses constitute the largest healthcare worker group. For more effective nurse recruitment, hospital leadership should support the profession of nursing. It is vital for them to recognize their most capable nurse managers and nurses, and place them within communities for attracting individuals possessing similar traits into the profession. Furthermore, hospital leaders must team up with colleges/universities and secondary schools for picking out students who possess the traits needed for thriving despite challenges accompanying slow improvements to the healthcare sector. World-class hospitals or healthcare facilities do not simply sit back waiting for potential nurse candidates to find recruiting organizations (Curtis, de Vries & Sheerin, 2011).
One way of addressing this issue may be for a healthcare employer to offer a school/college with clinical faculty, with the school teaching nursing staff how they can become members of a clinical faculty. Such educational practice partnership has been gaining popularity in the arena of nursing education, by playing the role of a vehicle to bridge educational preparation/training and nursing practice. Partnerships deal with multifaceted healthcare problems like nurse educator and nurse shortage, endeavors made towards shared accountability and mutually advantageous goals, and the need for fostering workforce competencies through building on partners' assets and values. The U.S. healthcare and educational sectors have implemented several different types of partnerships across the country for taking advantage of the benefits gained by collaboration between multiple institutions/schools (NACNEP, 2010).
It has been observed that the student-nurse transition is not easy. Fresh nursing graduates have to begin at top speed (i.e., try to seize opportunities immediately), without proper support, and the stress linked to transition may bring about high turnover of new recruits in the first couple of years in practice. While healthcare organizations allocate considerable resources and time on nurse training, recruitment, and orientation, fresh graduates constitute over 50% of the turnover of some hospitals. One means of coping with this issue is implementing nurse internship or nurse residency programs, which train nursing students to work in real-world practice settings, before graduating from nursing courses. The programs aid fresh graduates in transitioning to become professional registered nurses (RNs), offer...
Leadership is required at all healthcare facilities in which implementing change and attaining high patient care standards are specified in the job titles (e.g., Nurse Consultant, Modern Matron, or Director of Nursing) (Sullivan & Garland, 2010). But assuming a leadership position doesn't suffice by itself in ensuring effectiveness. Leaders have to possess knowledge with regard to leadership, as well as be capable of applying their leadership abilities in every area of work.
Huston and Marquis (2009) believe some confusion still exists with regard to the relationship of management with leadership. Some consider leadership to be one of many management functions, whereas others claim that leadership skills are more complicated than management skills. Aside from defining the term 'leadership', highlighting that, though used interchangeably at times, 'management' and 'leadership' are rather different aspects is also helpful. Hughes and co-workers (2006) differentiate between leaders and managers in the following way:
1. Leaders innovate, managers administer
1. Leaders develop, managers maintain
1. Leaders inspire, managers control
1. Leaders' view is long-term, while that of managers is short-term
1. Leaders originate, managers initiate
1. Leaders ask why and what, while managers ask when and how
1. Leaders challenge status quo, managers accept it.
The aforementioned differences in leaders' and managers' roles are in line with the roles documented in nursing literature. However, what requires emphasis is that leaders don't become leaders by virtue of their job title alone. Their behavior is what defines them. Leaders inspire, innovate, challenge, and guide, as illustrated in the previous paragraph (Curtis, de Vries & Sheerin, 2011).
From nurse executives' perspective, nursing leadership is different from leadership in general owing to its focus on nurses taking charge of shaping and bettering their practice environment. The knowledge of nurses, springing from their practice, plays a key role in the influencing of leadership. When it comes to describing nursing leadership, the following terms are also utilized: empowering…
