Research Article Chart
Criteria and Defining Characteristics

Article 1:

Abraham, R. P., Denton, D. A., Al?Assaf, A. S., Rutjes, A. W., Chong, L. Y., Malik, M. A., & Tabet, N. (2015). Vitamin and mineral supplementation for prevention of dementia or delaying cognitive decline in people with mild cognitive impairment. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, (10).

Article 2:

Kwok, T. C. Y., Lam, L. C. W., Sea, M. M. M., Goggins, W., & Woo, J. (2012). A randomized controlled trial of dietetic interventions to prevent cognitive decline in old age hostel residents. European journal of clinical nutrition, 66(10), 1135.

Article 3:

Dangour, A. D., Whitehouse, P. J., Rafferty, K., Mitchell, S. A., Smith, L., Hawkesworth, S., & Vellas, B. (2010). B-vitamins and fatty acids in the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease and dementia: a systematic review. Journal of Alzheimer's disease, 22(1), 205-224.

Abstract

After reading the abstract what do you expect to learn from the article?

What I expected to learn from the article is whether supplements in the form of minerals or vitamins facilitate in preventing dementia.

What I expected to learn from the article is whether dietary interventions promote intakes of fish, fruit, vegetable, as well as lower salt intake were effective in the prevention of cognitive decline in older men and women.

What I expected to learn from the article is whether B-Vitamins and Fatty Acids facilitate the prevention as well as treatment of Dementia and Alzheimer’s Disease

Introduction: Summarize the following in paragraph form.

· What is the purpose of the study?

· What is the scope of the study?

· What is the rational for the study?

· What is the hypothesis or research question?

· What key concepts and terms are noted?

· Is a review of the literature provided?

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of dietary interventions for prevention of dementia in people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI)

The scope of the study is randomised or quasi-randomised controlled trials, published or unpublished, reported in any language

The rationale for the study is that forthcoming prevalence and financial consequences of dementia are such that minor effects on cognitive decline or on the incidence of dementia may have a significant impact on healthcare costs and the general encumbrance of dementia

There is no hypothesis or research question

The key concepts and terms noted include mild cognitive impairment and dementia

A review of the literature is provided

The purpose of this study is to investigate whether dietary interventions promote intakes of fruit, vegetable, fish and lower salt intake were effective in preventing cognitive decline in older people

The scope of the study is older people with an average age of 83 years

The key concepts and terms that are noted include cognitive decline, dementia, and dietary intervention.

The rationale of the study is that dietary factors have been linked to cognitive function in older individuals.

There is not hypothesis or research question delineated in the article

A review of the literature is not provided in this particular article

The purpose of the article was to determine the strength of the available evidence that serum nutrient levels, dietary consumption, or nutrient supplementation were associated with the primary prevention or treatment of dementia

The scope of the study included a large range of nutrients; in this review we report on folate (either as folate in food or serum or as folic acid dietary supplements) with or without other B-group vitamins, serum homocysteine concentration, polyunsaturated fatty acids [PUFA]...…approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) diet. N Engl J Med 2001; 344: 3–10

In total, the article included 101 references.

Mohs RC, Knopman D, Petersen RC, Ferris SH, Ernesto C, Grundman M, Sano M, Bieliauskas L, Geldmacher D, Clark C, Thal LJ (1997) Development of cognitive instruments for use in clinical trials of antidementia drugs: additions to the Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale that broaden its scope. The Alzheimer’s Disease Cooperative Study. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord 11(Suppl 2), S13-21

Sun Y, Lu CJ, Chien KL, Chen ST, Chen RC (2007) Efficacy of multivitamin supplementation containing vitamins B6 and B12 and folic acid as adjunctive treatment with a cholinesterase inhibitor in Alzheimer’s disease: a 26-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study in Taiwanese patients. Clin Ther 29, 2204-2214.

The problem is centered on a single clinical question, which comprises of four key constituents: Patient (population), Intervention, Comparison, Outcome – PICO Question. The main problem in question is the prevention of Alzheimer’s disease, also referred to as dementia, which is a debilitating syndrome with major impact on persons and disease. Prevention of the illness’ onset or advancement would give rise to public health and societal benefits. The four key constituents are:

P (Patient): Men and women with normal cognition or minor mental impairment

I (Intervention): Nutritional interventions, for instance, supplements in the diet

C (Comparison): Usual care or no intervention

O (Outcome): Preventing Alzheimer’s disease or any progression of cognitive decline

For men and women with normal cognition or minor mental impairment, are nutritional interventions, for instance, supplements in the diet, have greater effect as compared to usual care or no interventional at all in the prevention of Alzheimer’s disease or any progression of cognitive decline.

References

Abraham, R. P., Denton, D. A., Al?Assaf, A. S.,…