Alexander the Great
Western civilization has wide range of historical aspects and it encompasses civilization of ancient Rome, ancient Greece and a Judaic civilization. A civilization is said to exist from Stone Age until today, ranging from China to Egypt, Mesoamerica and Africa.
Alexandros III (356-323 B.C.), Alexander the Great, king of Macedonia, was one of the greatest military geniuses in history. He conquered and governed civilizations of that time, ruled by his great desire to conquer the world and thus laid the foundation of universal world monarchy.
Arrian describes Alexander, as a great leader, always leading his army in enthusiastic way. He was first leader and conqueror who reached Greece, Egypt and Asia. He always led best military formation of the time, the Macedonian Phalanx, which was armed with sarisses, the fearful five and half meter long spears. Alexander created ethnic syncretism between the Macedonians and the conquered populations, particularly the hard line Persians. It was due to his endeavor that culture, beliefs and civilizations of Greek became dominant in the countries he conquered. Further, he protected and expanded Hellenistic culture, which together with the Roman Civilization and Christianity forms Western Civilization.
Alexander has been termed greatest of all generals who laid the foundation of a great empire. He brought the territory of Persian Empire under Greek rule and changed the Mediterranean and Near Eastern world forever. Hellenistic culture and its expansion from Near East and beyond were due to Alexander's endeavor. With his autocracy manifesto on April 29, 1881 he cracked down on all reforms, thus the repercussions of his rule were very profound.
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