For instance, Moens and his colleagues advise, "It bears recalling that NATO for Canada and other allies, has always made sense as a vehicle for providing at least some access into the shaping of the U.S. national interest. NATO has been good not only because it kept the Russians out and the Germans down, but because it got the Americans mixed up in the security affairs of other, reasonably like-minded, states" (13).
2.
Discuss President George W. Bush's doctrine of preemptive war?
A.
Include in your discussion, its basic assumptions. The term "preemptive war" is used to describe a nation's use of military force to attack a belligerent before it can attack the attacker. The basic assumptions of this doctrine follow those of the "Just War" tradition wherein a nation is permitted to protect itself from threats that are posed by other countries in its own self-interests (Wester 2004:20).
B.
How did this theory manifest itself in American foreign policy? Preemptive war is not a new doctrine in U.S. Or other countries' foreign policy by any measure, but its most recent use has been the source of more criticism, perhaps, that previous efforts. According to Tiefer (2004), "Even among conservatives, few if any could imagine how the terrible shock of 9/11 would create the opportunity for unilateralism in full war gear by providing the president the political strength to unleash the legal doctrines of preemptive war even against the Middle Eastern country without funding or nationals involved in September 11, 2001" (24).
C.
What criticisms are leveled against this theory? In an increasingly globalized environment, nations no longer enjoy the ability to prosecute wars -- no matter how well justified perhaps -- without the support of their allies and even nonaligned nations that will both resent and reject this use of unilateral military force without apparent provocation. In this regard, Lake (2000) noted even prior to September 11, 2001 and the subsequent U.S. invasion of Iraq that, "Unilateralism is a dangerous doctrine precisely because it ignores the likely reactions of others to American policy. Despite its newfound power, the United States has little...
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