Threat Analysis
A Foreign Intelligence Entity (FIE) can be delineated as any identified or suspected foreign organization, individual, or group, whether private, public, or governmental, that undertakes intelligence activities to obtain United States information, block or damage U.S. intelligence gathering, impact U.S. policy, or mess up U.S. systems and programs. In particular, this term takes into account an international terrorist organization and also a foreign intelligence and security service.[footnoteRef:1] The FIE considered in this essay is Pakistani's Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI). Pakistan's Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI) is the nation's biggest of its five intelligence services. Pakistan is deemed to be one of the fast-paced and rapidly developing nations in the [1: Center for Development of Security Excellence. "Counter Intelligence Awareness Glossary." CDSE, 2017.]
South Asian expanse. Owing to the country's strategic positioning in the core of all the nuclear adversaries, it had grown and develop to become of the best intelligence services globally with regard to the preservation of its sovereignty, and protection of its state security and territory. In fact, the ISI was ranked as the best intelligence agency across the globe by the International Business Times.[footnoteRef:2] [2: Tristam, Pierre. "Intelligence: The ISI is Pakistan's powerful and feared intelligence service." ThoughtCo, 2017. ]
The United States government, from preceding periods, largely rely on the collaboration and sharing of information with the ISI, with the world superpower perceiving Pakistan to be a valued ally in the expanse. This mutual relationship can be traced back to the Cold War period, a time when the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) and the Inter-Service Intelligence (ISI) directed covert planes into the Soviet Union. More perceptibly, subsequent to the 9/11 attacks, the two intelligence services worked in tandem closely to seize numerous al-Qaeda suspects. High-ranking members of the al-Qaeda such as Khalid Sheikh Mohammed and Sheikh Younis Al Mauritan were captured by the joint task of the two agencies. Nonetheless, with the intelligence community of America intensifying its endeavors on the Global War on Terror, the association between the two nations started to disintegrate. With the increase in suspicions, the two different sides have come to be near adversaries.[footnoteRef:3] [3: Waraich, Omar. "The CIA and ISI: Are Pakistan and the U.S.'s Spy Agencies Starting to Get Along?" TIME, 2012.]
Overview of Inter-Services Intelligence
Location
The headquarters of the Inter-Services Intelligence is situated in Islamabad. In particular, the agency's entrance is aptly inconspicuous with a single barricade neighboring a small hospice off a busy Islamabad highway. More perceptively, the long walls are filled with barbed wire with bougainvillea spilling over them. From the outset, any visitor is met with an ISI undercover officer, who is responsible and in charge of directing and organization the entrance security and gives directions to both personnel and visitors to the check-point entrance with sniffer dogs and soldiers for checking.[footnoteRef:4] [4: Walsh, Declan. "The ISI, Pakistan's notorious and feared spy agency, comes in from the cold." The Guardian, 2009. ]
Organizational Structure
The Inter-Services Intelligence agency is one of the most efficacious and well-organized foreign intelligence and security services (FISS) in the globe. The agency was founded in 1948 but was formally handed the key responsibility of safeguarding the interests of the nation, both domestically and globally in 1950. The key objectives of ISI comprise of not just protecting the interests of Pakistan, but also reinforcing the nation's power base in the region. The agency operates under a Director General, who is usually a serving Lieutenant General of the Pakistan Army. Under the Director General are three deputies that are designated three different tasks, being general, political, and external. With regard to its staffing, the ISI largely comprises of employees assigned from the police, para-military forces and a number of specific units of the Army. In the contemporary, the agency consists of more than 25,000 personnel, exclusive of its various assets and informants.[footnoteRef:5] [5: Pakistan Defence. "ISI Pakistan Inter-Services Intelligence". (2006).]
Structurally, the Inter-Services Intelligence is organized...
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