¶ … Pathophysiology of Diabetes Mellitus II The patient is a male 45 years of age who has been diagnosed with Metabolic Syndrome many years ago but most recently has been diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. The patient presents expressing concerns that he may have had high blood sugars prior to the recent diagnosis. It is necessary to explain to the patient that Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus is comprised by a range of dysfunctions "characterized by hyperglycemia and resulting from the combination of resistance to insulin action, inadequate insulin secretion and excessive or inappropriate glucagon secretion." (Khardoni, 2014, p. 1)

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus is reported to be a "heterogeneous disorder with varying prevalence among different ethnic groups." (Death to Diabetes, 2014, p. 1) The primary events of DM are held to be "an initial insensitivity of insulin resulting in peripheral insulin...

1) The primary message to relate to the patient is that the primary cellular dysfunction occurring in Type 2 diabetes "is not due to the B cells" but rather the "muscle, liver and fat cells, and also damage to the red blood cells" caused due to glycation. (Death to Diabetes, 2014, p. 1) However, across the years it is reported that "beta cell dysfunction can occur with Type 2 diabetes" particularly when it is not treated. (Death to Diabetes, 2014, p. 1)
Sugar that is appended to the outside of the red blood cell is compared to the way that sand sticks to an object that is moist and the result is that a "crystalline crust which is very coarse is created." (Death to Diabetes, 2014, p. 1) With the millions of red blood cells in the body all becoming very coarse the circulatory system is greatly affected and the arteries that…