Achievement Gap Provide 3 reasons why Ladson-Billings defines the "achievement gap" as the "educational debt." Ladson and Billings are defining achievement gaps as educational debt based upon three primary factors. The most notable include: historical, economic and social - political factors. These different areas transform how someone looks at achievement and their role in reaching different objectives. (Ladson -- Billings, 2006) Historical components are focusing on how inequalities existed in many areas of

Immigration in America Education is important in American society because it is a pathway by which success is achieved. The traditional theories that attempt to explain academic success can be divided into various groups, such as deficit thinking, which suggests that the reasons one succeeds or does not succeed are found within the person; other theories are based on economic conditions, social conditions, or a combination of both. Then there are

Education Class Size vs. School Vouchers on the Achievement of Minority Students The continuous achievement gap between African-American students and their white peers is a major problem in American education. The gap in fourth-grade reading on the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) diminished in the 1970s, but since the early 1980s it has remained unchanged. Evidence from many studies suggests that African-American students may benefit more than other students from improvement in

Introduction All significant approaches to educational development are always multi-faceted endeavors with several aspects, decisions, dimensions, and alternatives that have to be considered. Since education is a sector that brings many people in society together, any alternatives arrived at should be agreed upon by the majority and common ground reached. Also, because education has different levels in society, the alternatives chosen must be consistent with and align with other alternatives at

We know this situation is particularly critical for special education, ESL, and bilingual teachers. Although these teachers require an even deeper understanding of reading, language, curricula, and instructional practices than do mainstream teachers, in fact they have even fewer opportunities in their preparation programs to acquire this expertise." (RAND, nd) The report states that as well that grade retention does not result achievement in reading on a long-term basis

This view is reflected in increasing calls for financial equity among schools, desegregation, mainstreaming, and standardized testing for teachers and students alike; it has been maintained that by providing the same education to all students, schools can equalize social opportunity (Bowman, 1994). This latter position is typically followed up with the use of a particular curriculum designed to support the approach. In this regard, Bowman suggests that, "Knowledge is thought